Corrective surgery for Congenital Deformities
Plastic surgery can be used to correct a large number of birth defects like hand deformities, deformities of the facial skeleton and other parts of the body.
Cleft Lip and Palate
Cleft lip and palate occurs as a birth defect. This conditions needs to be treated by surgery. Surgery done at the appropriate time gives good results. These patients commonly need more than one surgical procedure.
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TIMING OF SURGERY |
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Cleft lip |
3 months |
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Cleft palate |
6-9 months |
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Minor lip, palate, nose corrections |
pre school age |
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Alveolar bone graft(upper teeth correction) |
9 year |
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Maxillary and mandibular osteotomies (upper and lower jaw correction) |
After 16 years |
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Septorhinoplasty (nose correction) |
After 16 years |
Facial Deformity
Cleft lip and palate, deformities of the nose, eyelids, ears birth defects of the craniofacial skeleton can be treated and made better through plastic surgical techniques.
Hand Deformity
Birth defects resulting in deformities of the hand are common. Fused fingers(syndactyly), Multiple fingers(polydactyly), Short fingers(brachydactyly), absent fingers (adactyly), are the common defects. There may be a combination of these and will result in more complex deficits. Some of these children will be benefitted with early surgical treatment.
Deformity of Genitalia
Hypospadias is a commpn congenital deformity where in males the comes out of an opening from below the penis instead of the tip. there are varying degrees of hypospadiasis. This needs surgery to correct the deformity.
Other surgically correctable conditions are epispidias micro penis etc.
Some children are born with ambigous genitalia which may need surgical correction. Vaginal atresia is another condition which will need reconstruction. This is usually done before marriage.
Arterio venous malformation
Arteio venous malformations are diseases that are caused due to abnormal growth of the artries, veins or capillaries. Haemangiomas are vascular malformations that appear soon after birth grow for a short period of time and gradually disappear over time.
Most of these do not need any surgical intervention. How ever some of these may need treatment. either medical or surgical.
Arteriovenous malformations are another group of diseases which can present as a swelling, pigmentation or uncontrollable bleeding due to trauma. these do need some form of treatment like embolisation, surgery or lasers etc.
Syndromal deformity
Syndromal anomalies are complex birth defects. they can involve any part of the body. The syndromes involving the craniofacial skeleton, the hands ,legs toes and digits may need palstic surgery to alleviate their condition.